cómo diferenciar un hemangioma de una mancha de nacimiento

Title: How to Differentiate a Hemangioma from a Birthmark Profile: Hemangiomas disappear in childhood; vascular malformations do not resolve on their own. Key information for parents. Keywords: ['Child Health', 'Vascular Issues']

The various types of birthmarks in newborns often cause anxiety among parents. Which of them are related to vascular problems? This article will focus on the three most common "hemangiomas" encountered in clinical practice to provide an educational explanation.

One. Basic Knowledge: What is a hemangioma? What is a vascular malformation?

Hemangiomas and vascular malformations are both congenital conditions that can be understood as "small errors" in the development process of blood vessels.

Hemangioma: at its core, it is not a blood vessel but rather a tumor that grows in the wall of the vessel. The most common hemangioma in infants and young children is those small red bumps on the baby's skin. Generally, during the first few months after birth, they tend to grow rapidly, but most do not require special treatment, as over time, as the child grows, they tend to gradually disappear.

Vascular malformations: they are essentially blood vessels, but they are malformed vessels. Among the most common are capillary malformations (port-wine stains) and venous malformations (cavernous hemangiomas), among others. These malformations tend to grow with the child's growth and do not disappear on their own.

A simple metaphor: the hemangioma is like a "weed" that grows in the wall of a pipe, it can grow uncontrollably for a time and then wither on its own, without affecting the continued use of the pipe; whereas the vascular malformation is like a pipe "with irregular thick and thin spots, full of twists and turns", the more it is used, the more apparent the defects are, and manual repair is needed to improve it.

Image: Hemangioma in infants (left, raised), port-wine stain (center, flat), venous malformation (right, cyanotic).

II. Common Types and Their Manifestations: What type could your child have?

1. Hemangioma in infants and young children (the most common)

2. Port-wine stains (ruby angiomas)

3. Venous malformation (cavernous hemangioma)

Three, Action Guide: Under what circumstances should you go to the hospital? Which specialty should you consult?

If the following situations arise, seek medical attention immediately.

The correct path to receive medical care.

1. Optional departments:

2. Treatment principles:

Four, Reminder of Important Misunderstandings.

Error 1: "Red birthmarks" do not need attention; they will go away on their own.

Correct: It is important to distinguish between a pigmented nevus and a "vascular nevus". Vascular malformations do not disappear on their own, and delaying treatment can increase the difficulty of subsequent treatments.

Error 2: Using thread to tighten, using needles to puncture, using herbs to cure.

Response: Absolutely not. Doing so is especially likely to lead to infections, cause rupture and bleeding of the affected area, and will also leave raised scars.

Error 3: Treating hemangiomas will leave scars, so it is better not to treat them.

Modern medicine focuses on minimally invasive and aesthetic treatments. The prognosis of treatment regulated by specialist doctors is much better than the consequences of disease progression or inadequate management.

Error 4: Seeking home remedies or secrets.

Correct response: Please trust science and consult an authorized hospital.

Five daily care tips for parents.

The scientific disclosure aims to help parents correctly understand hemangiomas and vascular malformations, thereby eliminating misconceptions and fears, and establishing a scientific perspective on medical care. The fundamental principles are: early detection, early diagnosis, and standardized treatment.

If you have any questions, please take your baby to the Department of Vascular Surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University or other regular hospital specialties for evaluation. Wishing all babies healthy growth!

The content of this article is based on the "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations (2024 version)" and aims to disseminate scientific health knowledge. It should not be used as a basis for personal diagnoses; for specific health issues, consult a professional doctor.

Author

Zou Ziyu, nurse in the Department of Vascular Surgery/Large Vessel Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.

Liu Weiping, Deputy Head of Nursing in the Department of Vascular Surgery and Large Vessel Surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.

Reviewer

Song Yan, Chief of Vascular Surgery/Large Vessel Surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.

Yang Bo, specialist in vascular surgery/large vessel surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.

Chen Yonghui, Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Vascular Surgery/Large Vessel Surgery, Assistant Doctor.

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